For Bir bhadra Ji,
Its for u to review, I am sorry I couldn't post u back the answer due to my busy schedule, Birbhadra ji I am a doctor here in USA for the last 6 years and till now I have never read in any of the journal that are published by medline that says ill effect of circumcision, below here is attached the medical up todate and the references of the different article.Again for u birbhadraji, little knowledge can be very dangerous.
BENEFITS OF CIRCUMCISION — There are several benefits to newborn circumcision.
Reduction in urinary tract infection — Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are uncommon in males; the greatest risk is in male infants less than one year old. All studies have shown that uncircumcised boys have an increased risk of UTI. A UTI in an infant may require invasive tests or hospitalization, and may lead to kidney infection. Although uncircumcised boys appear to be at a higher risk, UTI is uncommon in both circumcised and uncircumcised newborn boys.
Cancer — Cancer of the penis is rare, but uncircumcised men appear to be at an increased risk for developing the disease. In addition, cervical cancer may be more common in women whose male sexual partners are not circumcised.
Penile problems — Uncircumcised males may be at increased risk for inflammation of the opening at the tip of the penis or of the glans itself, although these problems can occur in either circumcised or uncircumcised men.
Infection — Studies suggest that circumcision helps decrease the risk of acquiring some sexually transmitted diseases (STD), such as syphilis, gonorrhea, herpes simplex, and HIV. It is important to note, however, that many circumcised men acquire these diseases. Circumcision may lower the risk of acquiring a STD, but it does not eliminate it.
Hygiene — In the uncircumcised male, the space between the foreskin and the glans must be cleaned regularly. Proponents of circumcision argue that it is difficult for uncircumcised boys and men to maintain proper hygiene; it has been suggested that poor hygiene may be related to the increased risk of cancer or other problems seen in this group, though this theory has not been well studied.
COMPLICATIONS — The rate of complications related to the procedure is about 2 per 1,000 cases. Most problems are minor. The most common problems are:
Bleeding, which is usually easily controlled with compression
Infection of the surgical site
In very rare cases, more serious complications occur, such as accidental amputation of the glans or life threatening infection. Parents considering circumcision for a newborn should talk with the obstetrician or pediatrician about any concerns they have regarding complications.
PAIN CONTROL — Studies in newborns have shown that signs of stress occur related to the circumcision procedure. These include crying, an increase in heart rate, and an increase in blood pressure. Although these responses may be related in part to the infant being restrained, it is reasonable to assume that they are also an indication that the newborn is experiencing pain.
A number of measures may be used to help control pain during circumcision. In some cases, the baby is given a sugar-coated pacifier. Some physicians may use anesthetic cream, others may inject numbing medicine under the foreskin.
Parents can find out before the circumcision, or even before the birth of the baby, what pain control measures are used in the center where the circumcision will be performed.
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FINANCIAL CONSIDERATIONS — Parents should be aware that many health plans do not cover the cost of circumcision, as they consider it to be a cosmetic procedure with no proven health benefit. If coverage of circumcision is not specified in the literature provided by the plan, parents should call their health plan directly to find out if the procedure is covered.
WHERE TO GET MORE INFORMATION — Your doctor is the best resource for finding out important information related to your infant's particular case.
This discussion will be updated as needed every four months on our web site (www.uptodate.com). Additional topics as well as selected discussions written for healthcare professionals are also available for those who would like more detailed information.
A number of other sites on the internet have information about neonatal circumcision. Information provided by the National Institutes of Health, national medical societies, and some other well-established organizations are often reliable sources of information, although the frequency with which they are updated is variable.
National Library of Medicine
(www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus)
American Academy of Pediatrics
(www.aap.org)
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
(www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus)
Medicine Net
(www.medicinenet.com)
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REFERENCES
1. Schoen, EJ. The status of circumcision of newborns. N Engl J Med 1990; 322:1308.
2. American Academy of Pediatrics: Report of the Task Force on Circumcision [published erratum appears in Pediatrics 1989 Nov;84(5):761]. Pediatrics 1989; 84:388.
3. Circumcision policy statement. American Academy of Pediatrics. Task Force on Circumcision. Pediatrics 1999; 103:686.
4. Laumann, EO, Masi, CM, Zuckerman, EW. Circumcision in the United States. JAMA 1997; 277:1052.
5. Kaplan, GW. Complications of circumcision. Urol Clin North Am 1983; 10:543.
6. Taddio, A, Stevens, B, Craig, K, et al. Efficacy and safety of lidocaine-prilocaine cream for pain during circumcision. N Engl J Med 1997; 336:1197.
7. Lander, J, Brady-Fryer, B, Metcalfe, JB, et al. Comparison of ring block, dorsal penile nerve block, and topical anesthesia for neonatal circumcision: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 1997; 278:2157.
8. Poland, RL. The question of routine neonatal circumcision. N Engl J Med 1990; 322:1312.
